Process and apparatus for twisting threads



Oct. 4, 1938. c. c. JESSEN PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING THREADS Filed Oct. 26, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Chi/; 4856. BY 6 ATTORNEY Oct. 4, 1938.

cqc. JESSEN PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING THREADS Filed Oct. 26,, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 02,4, ct/ei' if BY W6? ATTORNEY 4, 1938, c. c. JESSEN PROCESS 1ND APPARATUS FOR TWIS'I'ING THREADS Filed. Oct. 25, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 IB'IVENTOR [045 Jazz/z. BY ATTt JRNEY Oct. 4, 1938. c, c, JESSEN 2,131,893

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING THREADS Filed Oct. 26, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 4, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Charles C; lessen, Mimi, Fla.

Application October 26, 1935, Serial No. 46,881

38 Claims.

This invention relates generally to an improved process and apparatus for twisting together a plurality of threads or strands of textile material, the process and apparatus being particularly well 5 adapted for the manufacture of twisted novelty yarns such as spiral, nub, ratin, loop and boucl. In the manufacture of novelty yarns of this type it is customary to loosely twist or wind one or more strands known as the effect thread about 10 one or more strands known as the core thread. It is frequently desired that the effect be so loosely wound on the core as to stand away from the core and give a soft pleasing appearance to the eye. The twisted core and eifect may therelii after be twisted with one or more strands known as the binder thread to help bind the effect onto the core. Where binder and core threads are used, they take up tensile strain in the yarn about equally, the eifect being merely for purposes of 20 app arance.

Heretofore, dimculty has been encountered in obtaining the desired looseness of the effect thread about the core thread. If the effect thread is merely wound on the core thread in a loose as manner, unevenness and irregularity in the winding of the eil'ect about the core is encountered which not only results in a failure of the yarn to meet the standards of appearance, but is conducive oi stripping of the eil'ect from the core in i subsequent operations. Moreover, the low tension, which is necessary on the supply of effect thread to wind in this manner, is impractical.

It has been customary, therefore, to tightly twist the effect thread about the core thread to 35 a higher niimber of turns per inch than are desired in the finished yarn. This procedure is usually carried out on a machine of the ring twister type. The package of twisted core and effect is then doiled from the first machine and backwound onto another yarn package to reduce the twist or wind of the effect about the core. This yarn package is then dofled and placed on a third machine where the twisted core and effect are twisted with the binder thread to pro- .5 duce the finished yarn. It is obvious that the numerous doflings required in this process are undesirable, bringing about difllculties in manufacture and increased cost of operation.

Although my invention is not to be limited to 0 the production of novelty yarns, but rather is broadly applicable to the art of twisting threads, it'will be'seen that my prdcess and apparatus eliminate many of the aforementioned dimculties encountered in the manufacture of novelty yarns.-

It is an object of my invention to provide a (CI. 11'I-35) process and apparatus for twisting threads together wherein frequent dofflng of the thread packages is eliminated and a large capacity per doillng is attained.

A further object of my invention is the provislon of an improved process and apparatus for winding and backwinding a plurality of threads.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a process and apparatus for twisting threads together whereby the finished twisted yarn moves at relatively slow speed and may be inspected at will.

A still further object of my invention is to improve the process and apparatus for twisting threads together, wherein one or more threads are drawn through a rotating thread package and twisted with a thread drawn from the thread package.

Another object of my invention is the continuous production of a novelty yam having core, effect and binder threads.

A further object of my invention is to increase the amount of effect wound about the core thread of a novelty yarn.

A still further object of my invention is the continuous production of a novelty yarn having threads of two diii'erent directional twists.

Another object of my invention is the elimination of vibration in the rotating parts of my apparatus to thereby prevent unevenness in the finished yam.

Further objects of the invention will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. l is a front elevation of my preferred apparatus embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the yarn feed rolls.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the yarn feed rolls.

Fig 4 is a side elevation of one of the rotating spindles and the driving mechanism therefor.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation partly in section of the spindle shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the spindle shown in Fig 4.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the thread guide at the extremity of the hollow spindle, the view being at a 90 angle with respect to Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a view showing the flyer of another of the spindles in elevation.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the yarn softening or baokwindlng mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a front elevation partly in section of the yarn softening or backwinding mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of one form of the yarn engaging device on the yarn softening or backwindinx mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a front elevation in section of a modified form of yarn engaging device for the yarn softening or backwinding mechanism.

Fig. '13 is a side elevation of the metering delivery rolls.

Fig. 14 is a front delivery rolls.

Fig. 15 is a plan view rolls.

Fig. 16 is a diagram atical view of a modified apparatus embodying my invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings: i indicates the frame of the machine which comprises a plurality of substantially L-shaped members giving proper rigidity to the entire assembly. Suitably spaced along and fastened to the frame are a plurality of vertical standards 2, only one of which is shown in the drawings. it being understood that a plurality of these standards are usually mounted side by side. Standards 2 form intermediate supports for the working parts of each of the yarn units. Beneath each standard 2 is a leg 9 having a leveling bolt which helps support and steady the frame structure.

Standard 2 supports a lower spindle 5 adjacent a drive belt 6 which passes along the full length of the machine and may be used to drive corresponding spindles on the other yarn units. Spindle 5 carries a relatively large thread package I supporting a flier 8. Preferably the construction of this spindle is similar to the middle and upper spindles generally indicated at l5 and 35 in Fig. 1. This construction will be hereinafter more fully explained with regard to the middle spindle ii. Briefly, however, the lower spindle is driven by means of a pulley 9 swingably mounted on arm ill, the pulley being driven by frictional engagement with the belt 6. Pulley 9 in turn drives the spindle whirl II by means of the local belt ii. The thread or threads E, E' drawn from the spool or thread package I pass upwardly therefrom and are twisted together at A before passing through the guide II. From the guide l3 the threads pass upwardly to the delivery rolls, generally indicated at M. The rolls M are drawing with respect to the spindle 5 but are feeding or delivering with respect to the spind l5. For convenience the rolls are designated as delivery rolls.

Referring to Figs. 2

elevation of the metering of the metering delivery and 3: The standard 2 has bolted or otherwise fastened thereto the base 55 having an outstanding flange or web 56 running diagonally across its front face. The web 56 has at each end thereof the bearings 51 and 58. Bearing 51 provides the bearing surface for the drive shaft 59 which is suitably driven by a variable speed mechanism not shown. Shaft 59 passes through bearing 91, the grooved collar ill slideable on the shaft, and the driven roll l4. Roll it has a hub GI and against this hub abuts a disc 62 provided with suitable means, such as the smaller hub 63 and the set screw 94, to key the disc 62 to the shaft .59. Two pins 99 secured to one face of grooved collar 69 in diametrically opposite positions. extend outwardly through redelving holes in roll I4 and hub ii. The disc' 62 has a series of holes being. capable of receiving the ends of the'pins 65 which are long enough to pass into a pair of holes in disc 52 when the slideable. cbll'ar'tll is moved over into a position abutting the'rolifl l'. When in this position the pins have their endsin "a' of holes in disc 92; are rotated wlththe i 69 away fromthe rqli 66 drilled therein,said holes.

shaft, and in turn thetpinarotate t l4, its hub GI and, ofcoui"'se,t collar 60. 7

Arm 61 extends outwardly from the base 99 and is bifurcated at its outer end to receive the clutch shift lever 69 which pivots about the pin 12 mounted at the bifurcated portion of arm 91. Clutch shift lever 68 has a shift fork 69 at one end which slideably engages the groove formed in the circumferential surface of the collar 99. The other end of shift lever 63 is threaded to receive an adjustable-bolt weav ng mam follower H at one end. A spring I3 is corripressed between the base 55 and lug 19 on the shift lever. As a result of the force exerted by spring 19 the cam follower H is pressed against the cam 99 on a control rod 8. Fig. 1 shows how the rod 48 is mounted along one side of the unit and has various cams 59, 5| etc., for starting and stopping the rotatingmarts simultaneously. It will be seen that when cam 59 is in the position shown in Fig. 2 the shift fork 69 has moved the collar l4, and thepinsji are When th slldeable th i-oii" w, hubjfl,

withdrawn from the disc 62.. collar 60 is in this position,

. eeuou. e slideableslideable collar 99. and pins 65 'are statioriary.

The rotate. When fiat portion of thecam 59 under thefollbwer'll the spring 19 acting upon lever v99, fork 99 and collar 60, forces the pins into the first holes 66 which pass in their rotation before the pins 65. As soon as this interlocking occurs the rotation of theroll ll, begins The bearing 59 supports a is set at one end a retaining collar 19. On the outer end of the shaftis set an arm 11 having through its upper end a. bore in which is set the stub shaft 18. The cylindrical idler or gripping roll 19 is rotatably mounted on the stub shaft 18. The ends of a spring 99, which is wound around the outer surface of bearing 58, engage the arm 11 and the web 56 to press the idler roll 19 against the drive roll I! and thereby'engage he yarn.

For convenience in adjusting the device, a bolt BI is mounted in an extension of the web .59.

shaft 59 and disc 62 however, continu to This bolt provides an adjustable stop to limit the mediate hollow spindle generally indicated by l9 in Figure 1. This spindle is exemplary of my preferred spindle and drive construction and indicated more clearly by Figures 4 to 'l inclusive. Spindle base 2, the lower portion of the base being adiacent one of the Ls. of the main frame I. A bracket 93 extends outwardly from the upper portion of the base and is provided t its outer end with an elongated hollow spindle bearing 9|. The lower portion of the spindle bearing 94. has-secured thereto an inner non-rotating hollow tube #5 which extends upwardly within theibearlngand permits the thread from therollll, to pass upwardly therethrough. non-rptating tuners also forms an oil seal and prevents oil from the, bearing 94 from coming in contactwith the yarn. The rotating spindle comprises a tubular member 81, the outer bearing surface of whicnflts into the bearing 84. .fiu t b r s re gt the r shaft is to which,

92 is bolted on the standard.

the rod Aft is: rotated tobniisthe pairof.

tatingspindle is the whirl it having.a. lpwer the like having its head spaced from but slightly overlapping the lower flange of the whirl. I have found however, that my spindle mounting eliminates the usual vibrations found in this type of spindle and that when properly adjusted there is no tendency of the spindle to jump upwardly.

Thread package I! is mounted on the rotating spindle above the whirl. A traveler II is mounted on the spindle above the thread package and is provided with one or more fliers ll, i8. Traveler 39 has at least one surface 90 hearing on the .ing one end of an arm 20. member 91 has mounted thereon the upper track spindle and if desired, the lower face of the traveler may be provided with felt or the like for frictionally engaging the thread package and creating the proper drag on the thread. The weight of the traveler will also determine the drag or tension of the thread or threads F. F passing from package il through the fliers II, it.

The traveler of the intermediate spindle l5 differs from the travelers on spindles 5 and 35 in that it is prolonged into a hollow tubular member at having cut out portions at 9! adjacent the upper ends of the tubes and 81. Two slightly eccentric holes 93, 93', forming guideways for the thread or threads drawn from the fliers l8, l8, are drilled through the upper end of member 9|. A flange or disc 9 on the upper end of member it may be provided with a hole 95 adjacent its periphery to guide and restrain the thread drawn from the hollow spindle.

The driving and control mechanism for spindle i5 is typical of my preferred drive and control for spindles 5 and 35. The upper end of the bearing 84 has a circular groove surrounded by the circumferential wall 840. The groove forms a pocket for lubricant which is drawn up between the stationary tube 85 and the rotating spindle 81 and centrifugally extruded through one or more holes 8 in the hollow spindle Ill. The oil overflowing from the groove lubrlcates the bearing surface. If so desired, a reservoir for the oil may be drilled into the bracket 83.

The outer surface of bearing 84 is provided with a shoulder upon the underside of which is mounted the upper track and dirt shield 95' of a ball race. The lower track 96 of this race is suitably mounted adjacent one edge of annular member 91 encircling the bearing 84 and form- The lower edge of 99 of a ball race which cooperates with a lower track lllll mounted on the ball bearing adjustment member illl. It can be seen that the arm 20 is swingable about the axis of rotation of the spindle tube 81. At its outer end arm 20 is formed into bearing I02 for the rotating hollow shaft N3 of the pulley I. The upper end of the bearing I02 is extended outwardly and upwardly to form a circumferential pocket for lubricant. Oil centrifugally extruded from the hole Hi5 in hollow shaft ill, supplies the pocket and drains through opening I" to the oil retainer lll'l. Retaining rod I08 fitted in the lower end of bearing I02, extends through the hollow shaft "I3 and is provided at its outer end with lock nuts I08 to prevent the pulley from running out of the bearing. The lubrication of the hollow pulley shaft I0! is similar to the lubrication of the rotating spindle 81 in that oil from the hollow shaft is centrifuged outwardly through the holes I05 into the pocket formed by wall IM where the lubricant is applied to the bearing surface.

Pulley i9 is provided at its upper edge with a groove for the reception of the stretchless, local band 22 which drives the spindle whirl 2i. Normally, pulley i9 is held against the driving belt ll by means of a spring ill acting to yieldingly pull the arm 20 counterclockwise as shown in Figure 6. Since the pulley is swingable with the arm 20 about the axis of the spindle 51 it will be seen that vibrations caused by the action of the drive belt l6 will be taken up by the swin ing of the pulley i9 against the action of spring iii and will not be directly transmitted to the rotating spindle. The bell crank lever I II is pivoted at "I, one arm H3 extending into the path of cam ii on shaft III, the other arm Ill being adapted to engage ball II! on arm Ill. Upon rotation of shaft III the flat portion of the cam it will move out from under arm ill of the bell crank lever and the higher circular face of cam 5| will operate on the lever III to move the arm 20 and pulley l9 away from the drive belt l6 thereby stopping the rotation of the spindle.

In operation, one or more strands or threads F, F may be drawn from the thread package i1 and as shown in Figures 4 and 5 they pass over the fliers i0, it, through guideways 93, 83' to a point above the spindle where they are twisted together. The thread or threads E, E drawn from the hollow spindle pass outwardly through the opening 82 and wrap or encircle the twisted threads from the thread package. Since the spindle is rotating at high speed the thread or threads from the hollow spindle tend to balloon out and rotate with the hollow spindle. To prevent this ballooning action from becoming too great the threads from the hollow spindle may be restrained by passing them through guide hole 95 in flange 94 as shown in Figure 4.

Now that I have completely described the construction of intermediate spindle I5. I will point out the differences between this spindle and the lower spindle i. In my preferred embodiment, no thread is passed through the hollow spindle I, but I prefer the hollow spindle construction to standardize the parts. The lower spindle 5 has a larger thread package than the intermediate spindle ii because the lower spindle 5 supplies the larger quantity of thread E, E which wraps around the core thread drawn from the intermediate thread package II. The traveler of the lower spindle is not provided with a guide tube, such as tube 8! of the traveler on spindle ii. In Figure 1 this simple type of traveler is indicated by reference character III and has attached thereto the fliers I. This type of traveler is more clearly illustrated in Figure 8 which is an enlarged view of the upper portion of spindle 35 which will hereinafter be more fully explained.

It may be said here that my process and apparatus for wrapping one thread about another has many advantages over prior practices. Where hollow spindles have been used previously, it has been customary to wrap the thread from the package on the hollow spindle about the thread coming up through the hollow spin,- dle. This procedure required a large package on the hollow spindle since the quantity of thread used as the effect or wrapping thread is in excess of the core thread. Large packages or spools are in themselves disadvantageous, since the angle at which the thread leaves the spool varies greatly causing breakage. My process permits the use of a narrow spool ll as illustrated in Figure 1. Moreover, since the package of effect thread does not have a core thread passing through its center, it can be replaced at will without the use of a split spool.

My preferred spindle drive also has many advantages. Only the lower portion of the base 82 is rigidly fixed to the main frame L, and since the arm or bracket I3 extends outwardly from the upper portion of the base, it can be seen that the mounting is slightly resilient with respect to the frame and can absorb vibration. Moreover, as previously pointed out, the swingable pulley arm 20, prevents the vibration of belt I6 from being directly communicated to the spindle. In addition, I have provided automatic lubrication for the bearings while effectively preventing the leakage of oil to parts adjacent the yarn.

It is to be understood, therefore, that my process and apparatus in its broad aspect is not to be considered as limited to the particular details of my novel spindle and spindle drive. on the other hand. my novel spindle is capable of use in other types of spinning apparatus and I am not to be limited to use in the particular machine disclosed. For example in this application I disclose six spindles falling within the scope of my invention. In each instance. however, the spindle is med to produce an action on the yarn somewhat difierent from that of the other spindles.

From spindle I5 the twisted threads pass upwardly to the yarn softener or backwinding device generally indicated as 25 in Fig. 1. The yarn softener is driven by a belt 26 which passes along the full length of the machine and drives the yarn softeners on the other yarn units not shown. It will be noted that belt 26 travels in the opposite direction to the belts i and I6 which drive the lower spindles. Consequently, drive pulley 2! and band 32 operate to drive the yarn softener in the opposite direction from the direction of rotation of the spindles 5 and I5. The yarn softener is provided with a crank, generally indicated as 21 in Figure 1, the crank having thread engaging means for carrying or rotating the threads around the axis of rotation of the yarn softener.

Referring to Figs. 9, 10 and 11, the base I2. of the yarn softener is bolted or otherwise suitably fastened to the standard 2, the lower portion of the base l2ll being mounted adjacent one of the L's of the main frame I. The bracket I2I extends outwardly from the base I and has an elongated, tubular bearing support I22 at its outer end. The upper portion of the bearin support is recessed as indicated at I22, the wall of the recess being shouldered to support the outer track of a ball race I24. The inner track of the ball race is secured to an annular extenslon I25 of the whirl 3|. A felt ring I26 is bolted or otherwise suitably fastened on the upper edge of the bearing support and overlaps the recess sufficiently to prevent entrance of dirt to the ball race. A hollow, nonrotating tube I21 is secured to the inner surface of the bearing support and extends upwardly into the recess to prevent the lubricant from the ball race from passing downwardly through the bearing support.

Whirl 3| supports a hollow spindle I22 which extends downwardly through and beyond the non-rotating tube I21. At the lower end of the rotating spindle I28 is fastened a crank having a yarn engaging loop I25. This crank, as shown in Figs. 9 and 11, may comprise a wire fastened to the hollow spindle and given several wraps around the lower end of the spindle to resiliently support the outer end of the wire which is spun off into a complete loop in one direction, and then over to form a complete loop diametrically opposite to the first loop. Since the spindle and crank are rotated at high speed, this construction balances the wire loops. As can be seen in Fig. 9, when threads are drawn through loop I29, the rotation of the spindle and the wire aflixed thereto will exert a cranking action upon the threads with respect to the axis of rotation of the hollow spindle l2l.

The lower portion of the bearing support is reduced in diameter to receive the annular end I31 of the swingable arm 30. The arm is provided at its outer end with a bearing I32 supporting the rotating hollow shaft of the pulley 29. The construction of the ball bearings supporting the annular member I31 on hearing support I22, the swingable arm 30, and the bearing for pulley 29 is substantially the same as the construction of annular member 21, arm 2|! and the bearing for pulley Ill, all of which has been previously described. Pulley 29 is normally held In frictional engagement with belt 26 by means of the spring Illl. However, upon rotation of control rod 48, the cam 52 will operate on bell crank lever III to move the swingable arm 20 and the pulley 29 away from belt 26. The construction of the control means is also similar to the construction of the control for spindle Ii previously described.

It is to be understood that any yarn engaging device which will rotate or crank the yarn with respect to the axis of the rotating member will perform my operation successfully. For example, in Fig. 12 I have shown a modified crank. An inverted cup-shaped member I30 is swaged on to the lower end of rotating spindle I28. Member I30 is provided with a hole I2I through which the yarn may be led. It can be seen that the rotation of the spindle will exert a cranking action on the yarn at this point. Nor am I to be considered as limited to the particular spindle construction shown for rotating the crank. Any means which will crank the threads and at the same time permit the threads to pass through the supporting structure may be used with other twisting devices to continuously backwlnd.

After passing over the crank I29 of the yarn softener and through hollow spindle I28 thereof,

the threads pass upwardly to the rolls generally indicated by 34 in Fig. 1. These rolls are duplicates of the rolls I4 but are generally operated at a much slower speed than mils I4. The relation of the speed of these rolls 84 to the speed of the spindle I 5 determines the number of twists per inch in the thread drawn from thread package I! and also the number of wraps per inch of the thread drawn from rolls I4 about the thread drawn from thread package ll. Rolls 34 are controlled by a cam We on control rod 48 in the same manner as has been previously described with reference to rolls II and cam 50.

The thread leaving rolls 34 is drawn upwardly through the hollow spindle 25. Belt 36, which I preferably drive in a direction opposite to the direction of belts i and I6, and in the same direction as belt 2', drives the pulley 39 on the swingable arm 4|). Pulley 39 in turn drives whirl II by means of the local endless band I2. I

The construction of hollow spindle is substantially the same as the construction of the lower spindles 5 and I5. The traveler of spindle 25 does not have a tube guide, however, as does the traveler on spindle I5. As shown in Fig. 8,

the cam 50 of the feed menses the traveler II. is without guide means for the thread or threads G other than the fliers 35, It is to be understood that by changing the weight of the traveler, the tension on the threads drawn from thread package 31 may be varied.

The threads G from the package II are twisted with the thread drawn from the hollow spindle at a point above the spindle as shown in Fig. 8. As I prefer to twist these threads at about the same tension. the jointure of the threads is spaced slightly from the axis of the spindle. The twisted threads pass upwardly through guide eye 43 to the yarn metering rolls generally indicated by 4| in PIE. 1.

The yarn metering rolls are shown in greater detail in Figs. 13 to 15. Base I50 is bolted or otherwise secured to the standard 2. Extending outwardly from the base is a flange or web Iii provided at one end with a bearing I52 for drive shaft I53 suitably driven by a variable speed mechanism not shown. shaft I53 carries a slideable collar I54 having a circumferential groove on its outer surface to receive a shift fork I55. Collar Ill carries two pins I50, I50 diametrically opposed, and which pass through corresponding holes in the roll I51, rotatably mounted on shaft I55. Disc I50 having a hub I58 fixed to the shaft I53 prevents the roll I51 from moving oil the end of the shaft I53 which may be provided with a shoulder adjacent the inner end of roll I51 to prevent move'ment of the roll toward collar I54. Disc I50 is provided with a plurality of holes I00 capable of receiving the ends of the pins I50. Pins I50 are long enough to enter a pair of the holes I50 when the collar I54 is abutting roll I51, but are withdrawn from the holes I60 when the collar I50 is in the position shown in Figs. 12 and 14.

The lower end of web I5I supports a stub shaft II" at an acute angle with respect to the axis of shaft I53 and roll I51. An idler roll I52 is rotatably mounted on the stub shaft.

Arm I58 extends outwardly from base I50 and is bifurcated at its outer end to receive clutch shift lever I54 which pivots about pin I85 mounted in the bifurcated portion of arm I83. The shift fork I55 at one end of lever IN slldeably engages the groove formed in the circumference of collar I55. The other end of the shift lever is threaded to receive a cam follower bolt I81. Cam 5 on control rod 55 operates the shift lever I04 to start and stop the roll I51 in the same manner as rolls I I, previously described.

By passing the yarn from spindle a number,

of times about the rolls I51, I52, the turns of the thread will be automatically separated due to the angular relation of the roll I52 with respect to the roll I51. The thread from the metering rolls is led upwardly through a guide on a conventional reciprocating mechanism 41 and is thereafter wound upon the spool driven by the friction roll 46.

In operation assume that it is desired to produce a novelty yarn having a core thread or threads twisted lefthand 23 turns per inch, an effect thread or threads loosely wound about the core thread 23 turns per inch, and the core andeffect bound together by a binder thread or threads wound therewith at about 10 turns righthand per inch.

A package of effect thread is placed on the lower spindle 5 and the effect thread E, E is drawn through fliers 5, guide I3, rolls It and hollow spindle II. A package of core thread is placed on spindle l5 and the core thread F, F is drawn through fliers I8. the traveling guideways, and upwardly with the effect thread from the hollow spindle, through the yarn engaging means on the yarn softener or backwinding device 25, and rolls 34. The number of turns per inch of effect thread about the core thread in the finished yarn is determined by the relation of the speed of the rolls 34 to the speed of spindle I5. Assume that a speed of 26 R. P. M. of rolls 3, and 4500 R. P. M. of spindle I5 will produce a twist of 23 turns per inch in the core thread leaving spool I'I. Then by rotating the rolls II at some speed in excess of 26 R. P. M. while maintaining tension on the thread F, F drawn from thread package II, the core thread F, F will wrap itself in the effect thread E, E as the two threads are intertwisted at the point B.

If spindle 5 is rotated in the same direction and at the same speed as spindle IS the effect thread from package I will lie flat on the core thread, the only twist in the effect thread residing in its wraps about the core. This is apparent, as spindle 5 creates lefthand twist in the effect thread the amount of which is determined by the relation of the speed of spindle 5 and the speed of rolls I4. Since spindle I5 rotates at the same speed as spindle 5, and since it is drawing with respect to rollers I4 instead of feeding thereto, the twist imparted to the effect thread between 5 and I4 is removed between is and the loop of effect thread coming out of the hollow spindle I5. The effect thread then wraps in flat condition about the core thread. By varying the speed relation of spindles 5 and IS the twist in the effect thread itself may be varied.

The yarn softener 25 rotates in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of spindle I5. Between the yarn softener and spindle I5, therefore, the intertwist or wrap of the effect E, E about the core F, F is temporarily markedly increased. For example, by rotating the yarn softener at about 5000 R. P. M. righthand,

-the twist of effect thread about the core thread at B is temporarily increased from 23 to about 42 turns per inch. As is hereinafter more fully explained, this temporary increase in the intertwist or wrap of the effect about the core at B is merely a false twist and is removed as the yarn leaves the yarn softener 25; However, the false twist so imparted to the yarn at B enables me to tightly wind a large quantity of effect about the core thread in uniform condition at point B.

For example, I have found that with the yarn softener operating at 5000 R. P. M. righthand, the ratio of effect thread to core thread (speed of feed roll I to speed of feed roll 54) may be varied over a range of from 1% to l, to 5 to 1. By increasing the speed of the yarn softener to 15,000 R. P. M. even further take ups of eifect yarn may be obtained. The eifect thread may be temporarily wrapped about the core thread so tightly and in such large quantities that the wraps of effect thread per inch are in excess or the. number of diameters oi the elect thread per inch and consequently thewraps of effect thread cover and overlap each other before the backwinding takes place. After backwinding such yarn in accordance with my invention the effect forms very loose loops and gives a soft pleasing appearance. The rotational speeds indicated'above are given only by way of example and I am not to be limited thereby. In all cases, however, the yarn softener must have a rotational speed with respect to the twisting device, 1. e., the yarn softener will not produce the result desired when rotating in thesamedirectionandatthesamespeedasthe twisting device.

The crank 21, however, merely induces a false twist in the thread. for whatever twist it imparts to the approaching'yarn is removed from the yarn leaving the crank and passing upwardly to the rolls 8. This, of course, results from the well known fact that it is impossible to place a permanent twist in the middle of a yarn without twisting one of the ends. Hence, the effect yarn is untwisted or back wound from the core thread between the crank 21 of the yarn softener and the rolls 34 an amount equivalent to whatever temporary twist was imparted to the yarn at B by the yarn softener. In the particular figures used herein by way of example, the backwinding leaves 23 turns per inch of the eifect E, E about the core F, F" at the rolls 34. This softens the yarn and the effect E, E is in the form of loose loops about the core F, F.

The core and effect leave the rolls 8. and pass upwardly through the hollow spindle 38 holding a spool or package 81. of binder thread. I have found that by rotating this spindle righthand at a speed which will produce a twist of about turns per inch of binder righthand I am able to intertwlne the binder G with a core and effect having 23 turns left hand so that the binder will lock the core and effect and the finished yarn will not tend to kink when released. Although the core thread and the binder are to take up strain in the finished yarn about equally, I find that it is preferable to create a slightly greater tension on the binder G at the spindle 35. At D, therefore, the core and effect, and the binder are twined together into a finished yarn having a core thread F, F twisted 23 turns lefthand, an effect thread F, F wrapped loosely 23 turns per inch about the core thread lefthand, and the binder thread G, which has in itself 10 turns per inch right. hand, twined 10 turns per inch right hand with the combined core and effect.

The yarn so twisted at D passes upwardly through stationary guide 43 to the yarn metering rolls 40. Here the yarn moves comparatively slowly and may be observed by the operator at will. One advantage of my process and machine is that the finished yarn is not wound by means of a ring type traveler on to a rotating spindle when observation of the yarn is impossible due to high speed. Hence, if irregularity in the finished product exists, the operator may quickly shut down the unit by means of the control rod 48 and discover the reason for the defect.

It is to be understood that the illustration of the operation is only given by way of example and is not to be taken as limiting. My machine is capable of making at; infinite variety of yarns. I have found that by varying the speed of the feed rolls I4 I can produce yarns having the standard variations of take up or ratio of effect thread to core thread. For exceptional looseness of effect, the speed of the yarn softener 28 can be increased and ratios of effect to core greater than5tolcanbeobtained.

If it is desired to produce a yarn wherein the efiect is iweif twisted, the lower spindle 5 can be operated at a lower speed than spindle IE or held stationary. I have found that this tends to lock the fibers of the effect and'produce a somewhat glossy yarn. By varying the speed of the lower spindle this glosy effect can be varied.

Ifsodesired,the yarnmaybedrawn ori'ed through the machine at recurring irregular speeds so that the effect will build up in nubs at intervals along the core. Moreover, my machine is easily adapted for the production of simple covered yarns. For example, a thread or threads from either or both of the lower spindles can be led directly through the upper spindle and covered with the thread or threads drawn from the top spindle.

It is obvious that many varieties of yarns may be produced by varying the type and number of threads on the thread packages. For example, one or a plurality of threads E, E can be drawn from the lower package 1. The core'thread F, F can be a single strand or several strands. If desired, the binder thread G may comprise a combined core and effect which when twisted with a core and effect coming from the lower spindles produces a very soft finished yarn. Other possible combinations are obvious.

In Fig. 16 I have shown diagrammatically a. modified apparatus using my backwinding mechanism. Two thread packages are shown at I18 and "I, the thread from each package being drawn through suitable guides I12, I13 to feed rolls I14 and I15 driven by any variable speed mechanism. The two threads pass downwardly over the guides I18 and are twisted together on their passage to the yarn softener generally indicated by I11. This yarn softener is provided with a crank I18 and is of the same general constructlon as the yarn softener previously described in detail. In this instance, however, the yarn softener is mounted with its crank at the top and the threads from the guide I16 are passed through the crank and downwardly through the hollow spindle of the yarn softener. Pulley I19 driven by belt I80 drives the local band I8I which in turn drives the whirl of the spindle on the yarn softener. The threads from the yarn softener pass downwardly through guide I83 to a ring type traveler I84 and are wrapped on the thread package I85 as shown. The thread package I85 is mounted on a spindle generally indicated as I88. The spindle is of the same general construction as the spindles described in my preferred mechanism, a pulley I81 on swingable arm I88 being driven by the belt I88 and having a local band I88 which drives the whirl I8I of the spindle.

It will be noted, however, that in this instance the spindle is driven in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the yarn softener. In operation the yarn softener is driven at about twice the speed of the spindle I88. Either one of the feed rolls I14, I16 is operated at a, greater speed than the other pair of feed rolls. Assume that feed rolls I14 supply the effect thread E" at a faster rate than feed rolls I15 supply a core thread F". Below the guide I18 the effect thread will be wrapped around the core thread very' tightly and at a high number of turns per inch due to the high speed and crank action of the yarn softener. Below the crank I18 of the yarn softener all of the t\ .st imparted to the threads between the guide I16 and the crank I18 would be removed due to the reverse crank action as the threads leave the crank I18, but for the fact that the lower end of the threads is rotated in the same direction between ring type traveler I84 and spindle I88. Due to this rotation of the end of the thread at a lower speed than the speed of the yarn softener, only a part of the twist imparted between the guide I18 and the crank I18 is removed. The effect E" is therefore loosely wound on the core 1'" when the yarn is wound on the yarn package. ill.

By this process and apparatus I am able to take up a large amount of eifect thread on the core thread in a continuous operation, whereas, previously it has been customary to wind the effect thread tightly on the core thread by means of a ring true. then don the yarn package, and thereafter backwind the elect from the core mthread the desired amount in a separate operation.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim is as follows:

1. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads which comprises drawing a core thread into an intertwisting zone under a first tension, drawing an efiect thread into said zone under a second tension sumciently lower than said first tension to permit ballooning of said effect thread as it is drawn toward said zone, intertwisting the effect thread tightly about the core thread as the two threads are drawn through said zone, and thereafter continuously backwinding a portion of the intertwist of the effect thread about the core thread to. loosen the effect thread on the corethread before winding the yarn on a spool.

2. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads which comprises feeding a core thread to an intertwisting zone at a first rate, feeding an effect thread to said zone at a second rate higher than said first rate. i htly lntertwisting the effect thread about the core thread in said none to thereby take up the excess effect thread and prevent its accumulation as it is fed toward said zone and continuously removing the intertwisted yarn from said zone while backwinding a portion of the intertwist of the effect thread about the core thread.

3. The method as set forth in claim 2 wherein the second rate is from 1% to 5 times the first rate.

4. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads which comprises feeding a core thread to an intertwisting none at a first rate, feeding an effect thread to said none at a second rate higher than said first rate, intertwisting the threads together in said node to obtain an intertwist of effect threads about the core thread in excess of the number of diameters of effect thread per inch, and continuously removing the intertwisted yarn from said cone while backwinding a portion of the intertwist of the effect thread about the core thread to an intertwist not in excess of the number of diameters of effect thread per inch.

5. The method of intertwisting core and effect threads which comprises leading the threads away from a" first rotating member into a common path while rotating at least one of the threads on said member to intertwist the threads, maintaining the tension of the effect thread sufficiently lower than the tension of the core thread to permit ballooning of said eflect thread as it is led toward said both, leading the intertwisted threads to a second member rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said first member, rotating the twisted threads on said second member to increase the twist of the threads between the first and second members to thereby prevent excessive ballooning of the efi'ect thread, and thereafter leading the threads away from said second member into a non-rotating path to remove the increase in the intertwist imparted by said second member.

6. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads to form yarn which comprises drawing a first thread from a rotating thread package into a common path with a second thread drawn from a path comprising the axis of rotation of the thread package, creating a tension on the first thread to allow the second thread to wind itself about the first thread in said common path, leading the threads from said common path to a member rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said package, rotating the threads on said member to increase temporarily the winding of the second thread about the firstthread between said package and said member, and thereafter leading the threads away from said member into a non-rotating path to loosen the winding of the second thread about the first thread.

'1. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads to form yarn which comprises feeding a core thread to a first intertwisting zone at a first rate, feeding an effect thread to said intertwisting zone at a second rate higher than the first rate, intertwisting the chant thread about the core thread in said zone, continuously removing the intertwisted threads from said zone while backwinding a portion of the intertwist of the effect thread about the core thread, feeding the intertwisted threads to a second intertwisting zone, feeding a binder thread to the second interwisting zone, and twining the binder thread and the lntertwisted core and effect threads together in said second intertwisting zone.

8. The method as set forth in claim 7 wherein the twining of the binder thread and the intertwisted core and eflect threads in the second intertwisting zone is carried out in a direction opposite to the intertwisting in the first intertwisting zone.

9. The method of intertwisting aplurality of threads which comprises drawing a core thread from a rotating package to a point above the rotating package, leading a further thread from a supply outside of said package through the package substantially along the axis thereof, and thereafter causing the core thread to wrap itself in and to intertwist itself with the further thread at said point.

10. The method as set forth in claim 9 wherein the further thread is drawn from a second rotating package.

11. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads which comprises drawing a thread from a rotating pac e to a first point above and substantially in alignment with the axis of the rotating package. leading a further thread from a supply outside of said package through the rotating package along the axis thereof to a second point beneath said first point, causing the further thread to pass in a balloon-shaped path from said second point to said first point. and intertwisting the threads at said point, the core thread wrapping itself in the further thread as the two threads are intertwisted.

12. The method of intertwisting a plurality of threads to form yarn which comprises drawing a core thread from a rotating package to a point above the rotating package, leading an effect thread from a supply outside of said package through the package substantially along the axis thereof, intertwisting the efiect thread about the core thread at said point, leading the intertwisted core and effect through a second rotating package substantially along the axis thereof, drawing a binder thread from said second package to a point above said second package, and twining the intertwisted core and efiect, and the binder thread together at the point above said second package.

13. The method as set forth in claim 12 wherein the effect thread is intertwisted about the core thread in one direction and the inter-twisted core and eflect, and the binder thread'are twined together in the opposite direction.

14. The method of intertwisting a plurality 0! threads to form yarn which comprises drawing a core thread from a rotating package to a point above the rotating package, leading an effect thread from a second rotating package through the first mentioned package substantially along the axis thereof, intertwisting the efiect thread about the core thread at said point, leading the intertwisted core and eifect through a third rotating package substantially along the axis thereof, drawing a binder thread from said third package to a point above said third package, and twining the intertwisted core and efiect, and the binder thread together at the point above said third package.

15. The method as set forth in claim 14 wherein the effect thread is intertwisted about the core thread in one direction, and the intertwisted core and efi'ect, and the binder thread are twined together in the opposite direction. 1

16. The method of intertwisting a plurality 01' threads to form yarn which comprises leading a core thread from a first rotating thread package to a point above the rotating package, leading an effect thread from a second rotating thread package through said first package substantially along the axis thereof, intertwisting the efiect thread about I the core thread at said point, leading the intertwisted core and efiect threads to a member rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said firstpackage, rotating the threads on said member to increase the intertwist of the eflect thread about the core thread between said member and said point, leading the intertwisted core and effect threads away from said member into a non-rotating path to decrease the intertwist of the effect thread about the core thread, leading the intertwisted core and efiect thread through a third rotating thread package substantially along the axis thereof, drawing a binder thread from said third package to a point above said third package. and turning the intertwisted core and elect threads and the binder thread together at the point above said third package.

1'7. The method of twisting a plurality of threads together which comprises drawing a plurality of threads together along a first portion of a path forming the axis 0! rotation of a i'urther portion of the threads, twisting the threads together while withdrawing the threads from said path and carrying the threads comprising the further portion about said axis at a first angular speed, passing the threads to a second portion oi. said path, and withdrawing the threads from the second portion or said path and rotating them in the same direction but at a lower angular speed than the first angular speed.

18. The method of twisting yarn which comprises supply ng a core thread at a first rate, supplying an efi'ect thread at a second rate higher than the first rate, drawing the threads together along a first portion or a path forming the axis of rotation of a further portion of the threads, winding the efiect thread about the core thread while withdrawing the threads irom said path and carrying the threads comprising the further portion about said axis at a first angular speed, passing the threads to a second portion of said path, and withdrawing the threads from the second portion of the path and rotating them in the same direction but at a lower angular speed than the first angular speed. i

19. The method of twisting a plurality of threads together which comprises feeding the threads to a first zone, twisting the threads together in said zone while carrying a section of the threads around an axis of rotation at a first angular speed, and continuously removing the threads from said first zone and leading the threads to a second twisting zone while backwinding a portion of the twist of the threads about each other and permanently fixing the remaining portion of the twist of the threads about each other by rotating the threads in said second zone in the same direction as the direction of rotation in said first zone, but at a lower angular speed than the first angular speed.

20. 'The method of twisting yarn which comprises feeding a core thread to a first zone at a first rate, feeding an eiiect thread to said zone at a second rate higher than the first rate, winding the effect thread about the core thread in said zone while carrying a section of the threads around an axis of rotation at a first angular speed, and continuously removing the threads from said first zone and leading the threads to a second zone while backwinding a portion or the winding of the effect thread about the core thread and permanently fixing the remaining portion of the winding of the effect thread about the core thread by rotating the threads in said second zone in the same direction as the direction of rotation in said first zone, but at a lower angular speed than the first angular speed.

21. Twisting apparatus comprising a spindle for carrying a package of core thread, means for rotating the spindle, a feeding mechanism for positively delivering efiect thread at a first rate, means for guiding the effect thread into intertwisting engagementwith the core thread, a rotatable member mounted on a hollow support and having thread engaging means, means for rotating said member in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation oi the spindle, and means for drawing the intertwisted core and eiIect threads through the engaging means on said member at a lower rate than said first rate.

22. Twisting apparatus comprising a hollow spindle for carrying a package of core thread, means for rotating the hollow spindle, a feeding mechanism for positively delivering efiect thread at a first rate, a rotatable member mounted on a hollow support and having thread engaging means, means for rotating said member in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the spindle, and means for drawing the efiect thread from the feeding mechanism through the hollow spindle into intertwisting engagement with core thread from said package and for drawing the intertwisted core and edect threads through the engaging means on said member at a lower rate than said first rate.

23. Twistingapparatuscomprisingahollowspindie for carrying a package of core thread, means for rotating the hollow spindle, a traveling flier adapted to engage thread drawn from the package, said filer being rotatably mounted on the spindle and creating a first tension on the core thread as it is drawn through the 'fiier, means for supplying eflect thread to the hollow spindle, a rotatable member mounted on a hollow support and having thread engaging means, means for rotating said member in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the spindle, and means for drawing core thread from said package through the traveling fiier into intertwisting engagement with effect thread drawn from the hollow spindle under a second tension lower than said first tension, and for drawing the inter-twisted threads through the engaging means on said member.

" 24. Twisting apparatus comprising a hollow spindle for carrying a package of core thread, means for rotating the hollow spindle, a traveler rotatable with saidspindle above said package .and having a guideway portion beyond an open end of the hollow spindle, said portion including a first guideway adiacent the axis of rotation of the spindle and a second guideway spaced from theaxis of rotation of the spindle. means for supplying eflect thread to the hollow spindle, a retatable member mounted on a hollow supp r and having thread'engaging means, means for rotating said member in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the spindle. and means for drawing core thread from said package through said first guideway and effect thread from said hollowspindle through said second guideway into intertwisting engagement, and for drawing the intertwisted threads through the engaging means 'on said member. r

2}. Twisting apparatus comprising a first thread package, a first hollow spindle for carrying a second thread package. said first spindle being mounted abovev said first package. a rotatable member mounted upon a hollow support above said first spindle. said rotatable member including yarn engaging means, and a second hollow spindle for carrying a third thread package, said second spindle being mounted above said \member 28. Yarn twisting apparatus as in claim 25 wherein the first thread package is rotatable.

2'7. Twisting apparatus comprising a hollow spindle for carrying a tin-cad package, a traveling guideway adjacent an open end of the hollow spindle, means for drawing thread from said package at a first rate and for drawing said thread through the guideway into intertwisting engage- 'ment with a second thread drawn from the hollow spindle, and means for delivering the second thread to the hollowspindle at a rate higher than said first rate.

28. Twisting apparatus comprising a first spindie for carrying a first thread package. a second spindle for carrying a second thread package, said second spindle being hollow and mounted above said first spindle. rolls for drawing thread from said first thread package and delivering the thread to the second spindle at a first rate.rolls fordraw- "ing thread from said second package at a rate lower than said first rate. said last-mentioned rolls being located above the hollow spindle and adapted to draw the thread from the first-mentioncd rolls through the hollow spindle into intertwisting. engagement with the thread from the second package.

29. In combination a first rotatable member having an element adapted to engage thread to rotate the thread about the axis of said member,

means for rotating said member in a first direction at a first speed. means for positively. delivering efiect thread to said member at a first rate. means for delivering core thread into intertwisting engagement with the effect thread as it passes toward said member, a second rotatable member for drawing the intertwisted core and eirect threads away from said first rotatable member substantially along the axis thereof and at a setond rate lower than said first rate. and means for rotating said second member in said first direction but at a speed lower than said first speed. 30. Yarn twisting apparatus comprising a pair of rolls for positively delivering an effect thread at a first rate, another pair of rolls for positively delivering a core thread at a second rate lower than said first rate, a stationary guide for directing the two threads into intertwlsting engagement, a rotatable member mounted on a hollow support and having means for engaging and rotating the threads directed thereto by said guide, means for rotating said member in a first direction at a first speed, means for drawing the threads through the thread eng ging means on said member at substantially said second rate, :said last-mentioned means comprising a rotatable spindle for carrying a thread package and a ring traveler. and means for rotating the spindle in said first direction but at a speed lqwer than-said first speed.

31. Twisting apparatus comprising a first rotating member having an element for and rotating a plurality of threads as they approach said member, means for feeding a core thread at a first rate to a path approaching said member substantially along the axis thereof. feeding mechanism for positively delivering effect thread toward said path at a second rate higher than said first rate. means for drawing the core and eiiect threadsaway from the rotating member substantially along the ads thereof, one of said means including a second rotating memher having an angular speed and a direction of rotation to maintain a differential between the intertwist of the threads approaching said first rotating member and the intertwist of the threads drawn away from said first rotating member.

32. Twisting apparatus comprising a first rotating member having an element for engaging and rotating a plurality of threads about the axis of rotation of said member to intertwist the threads as they approach said member.

means for feeding a core thread at a first rate to a path approaching said member substantially along the axis thereof. feeding mechanism for positively delivering effect thread toward said path at a second rate higher than said first rate. means for drawi g the core and eifect threads away from the otating member substantially along the axis thereof, one of said means including a rotatable thread package carrylngan end of at least one of said threads and a drive for rotating said thread package to create a permanent intertwist of the core and effect threads. 83. Twisting apparatus comprising a core thread package. an effect thread package. s rotatable spindle having an element for engaging and rotating core and-efi'ect threads from said packages to create permanent inter-twisting of the threads, means for positively delivering efiect thread toward said spindle. means for rotating said spindle at a speed to create a permanent intertwisting insumcient to take up the effect thread delivery by the effect thread delivering means, a rotatable member having an element for engaging and rotating the core and efi'ect,,

speed which will temporarily impart sumcient intertwist to the core and efl'ect threads as they approach said member to take up the eflect thread from the eflect thread delivering means. 34. Twisting apparatus comprising a rotatable spindle, a package 01' core thread mounted on said spindle, means for drawing core thread from said package, means tor positively delivering eiiect thread into intertwisting engagement with core thread drawn from said package, means for rotating said spindle at a lower rate than that necessary to produce the intertwisting required to take up the effect thread delivered by the efiect thread delivering means, a rotatable member having an element for engaging and rotating the intertwisted core and effect threads about the axis of rotation of said member and means for rotating'said member in a direction opposite to the direction 01' rotation of said spindle and at a speed which will temporarily increase the intertwist of the core and eiIect as they approach said member to take up the effect thread as it is supplied by the eflect thread delivering means. i

35. Yarn twisting apparatus comprising means for delivering core thread at a first rate, means for positively delivering efl'ect thread at a rate higher than said first rate, a rotatable spindle carrying an end 0! both 0! said threads, means for rotating said spindle to create permanent intertwisting of the two threads at a lower rate than that necessary to take up the effect thread delivered by the effect thread delivering means.

a rotatable member located between the delivering means and the spindle and having an element for engaging and rotating the core and eflect threads, about the axis of rotation oi the member, and means for rotating said member at a higher speed than the speed 01 the spindle to temporarily impart sufllcient intertwist to the core and efiect threads as they approach said member to take up the efiect thread as it is supplied by the eilect thread delivering means.

36. Twisting apparatus comprising a I first spindle for carrying a first thread package, means for rotating said first spindle, a second spindle for carrying a second thread package, said second spindle being hollow and mounted in alignment with said first spindle, means for rotating said second spindle, a rotatable member mounted on a hollow support in alignment with said second spindle, said member including yarn-engaging means, means for rotating said member in a direction opposite to the direction or rotation oi the second spindle, means for drawing thread at a first rate from said first packageand for delivering said thread into said second hollow spindle, means for drawing said thread from the hollowspindle into intertwisting engagement with thread drawn from said second package, and for drawing .the intertwisted threads through the yarn-engaging means on said member at a second rate lower than said first rate.

CHARLES C. JESBEN.

CERTIFICATE OF ,JGORRECTION.

Patent no 2, 131,39;

qiffbber 1 l958.

, CHARLES c. JESSER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, first column, line 50, for "spindeiread spindle; page 6, first column, line 39, for "F, F' read E, E; page'?, first column, line 8,after "type" and before the comma insert the word traveler; line 68, claim 5 for "twist" read;

inter-twist; page 8,,f1rst column, line 50, claim 16, for "turning" read twining} page 9, second column, line 69, claim 35, for "delivery" read deliver-ed; and that the said Letters Patent diouldbe ma with this eorrection' therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the was Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, D. 1938.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner oLPatents.

speed which will temporarily impart sumcient intertwist to the core and efl'ect threads as they approach said member to take up the eflect thread from the eflect thread delivering means. 34. Twisting apparatus comprising a rotatable spindle, a package 01' core thread mounted on said spindle, means for drawing core thread from said package, means tor positively delivering eiiect thread into intertwisting engagement with core thread drawn from said package, means for rotating said spindle at a lower rate than that necessary to produce the intertwisting required to take up the effect thread delivered by the efiect thread delivering means, a rotatable member having an element for engaging and rotating the intertwisted core and effect threads about the axis of rotation of said member and means for rotating'said member in a direction opposite to the direction 01' rotation of said spindle and at a speed which will temporarily increase the intertwist of the core and eiIect as they approach said member to take up the effect thread as it is supplied by the eflect thread delivering means. i

35. Yarn twisting apparatus comprising means for delivering core thread at a first rate, means for positively delivering efl'ect thread at a rate higher than said first rate, a rotatable spindle carrying an end 0! both 0! said threads, means for rotating said spindle to create permanent intertwisting of the two threads at a lower rate than that necessary to take up the effect thread delivered by the effect thread delivering means.

a rotatable member located between the delivering means and the spindle and having an element for engaging and rotating the core and eflect threads, about the axis of rotation oi the member, and means for rotating said member at a higher speed than the speed 01 the spindle to temporarily impart sufllcient intertwist to the core and efiect threads as they approach said member to take up the efiect thread as it is supplied by the eilect thread delivering means.

36. Twisting apparatus comprising a I first spindle for carrying a first thread package, means for rotating said first spindle, a second spindle for carrying a second thread package, said second spindle being hollow and mounted in alignment with said first spindle, means for rotating said second spindle, a rotatable member mounted on a hollow support in alignment with said second spindle, said member including yarn-engaging means, means for rotating said member in a direction opposite to the direction or rotation oi the second spindle, means for drawing thread at a first rate from said first packageand for delivering said thread into said second hollow spindle, means for drawing said thread from the hollowspindle into intertwisting engagement with thread drawn from said second package, and for drawing .the intertwisted threads through the yarn-engaging means on said member at a second rate lower than said first rate.

CHARLES C. JESBEN.

CERTIFICATE OF ,JGORRECTION.

Patent no 2, 131,39;

qiffbber 1 l958.

, CHARLES c. JESSER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, first column, line 50, for "spindeiread spindle; page 6, first column, line 39, for "F, F' read E, E; page'?, first column, line 8,after "type" and before the comma insert the word traveler; line 68, claim 5 for "twist" read;

inter-twist; page 8,,f1rst column, line 50, claim 16, for "turning" read twining} page 9, second column, line 69, claim 35, for "delivery" read deliver-ed; and that the said Letters Patent diouldbe ma with this eorrection' therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the was Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, D. 1938.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner oLPatents. 

